Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection.
Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Note that access via an approved and properly configured DoD Virtual Private Network (VPN) is deemed to be internal to the DoD Information Network (DoDIN) and so does not count as remote access.
Note that remote access as defined here may not mean exactly the same thing as remote access in the terminology of the DBMS.
Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include, for example, signed hash functions.
DoD-approved cryptography is as specified in the NIST publication FIPS PUB 140-2, "Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules." Additionally, for classified systems, NSA Type-X (where X=1, 2, 3, 4) products are NSA-certified, hardware-based encryption modules. |